Hardness refers to various properties of solid materials that have high resistance to various kinds of permanent shape change when a force, such as hitting or pulling, is applied. In science, there are three main types of hardness:
- Scratch hardness: Resistance to changes on the surface, like scratches, due to friction from a sharp object;
- Indentation hardness: Resistance to changes due to pressure from a sharp object;
- Rebound hardness: Can an object bounce off the material when dropped on it.
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